In the past mango seeds I planted several of which have germinated. Plants die after 1 month. Why.
The seeds germinate, to sprout 4/5inches and all of them suffer dieback of leaf that extends the time back to the root. Not on the water and heat are abundant in the greenhouse. If the alkalinity or acidity of the compound to make a difference.
The seeds can be "too" wet and getting root rot. Check your nursery store local medicine for root rot. In addition, you may need more sun to prevent germination and leaf development go, try the southwest window sun all day
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Heat shock proteins, "the perception of Grand"
Heat shock proteins --
"The perception GRAND"
Heat Shock Proteins:
Heat Shock Proteins (HSP) comprise a group of ubiquitous polypeptides whose expression is induced when cells are subjected to stress conditions, such as - the temperature rise, high blood pressure, or toxic compounds. HSP induction is correlated with the abundance of polypeptide chains are developed, suggesting a physiological role of protection of proteins.
Important role of HSP:
- Hsp functions as a chaperone, either by facilitating protein back to confirmation adequate or if the damage is irreparable, then the protein is targeted for destruction.
- Hsp are involved in assembly and disassembly of multimeric protein structures, the translocation of proteins across membranes, and the secretion and degradation of proteins.
- The use of analogues of heat shock protein 70 - Peptide Complex elicit an immune response against cancer and viruses, bacteria and other infectious agents.
Heat shock proteins are not denatured, by its;
- Better hydrogen bond
- Best hydrophobic interior packaging.
- Improved secondary structure.
- Helix dipole stabilization.
Based on molecular weight, size, structure and function, the HSP are classified as .... Hsp100, Hsp90, Hsp70, Hsp60 (chaperonin), Hsp 27, etc.
The molecular evolution of small heat shock proteins in plants: --
The small HSP have undergone a diversification huge plants, while only a small Hsp is only found in fungi and many animals, over 20 different small Hsp are found in higher plants. The small HSP in plants have diversified in both sequence and cellular localization and are encoded by at least five gene families. Recent studies show There are 44 small Hsp of DNA and amino acid sequences were examined, using both phylogenetic analysis and analysis of nucleotide substitution patterns to elucidate the evolutionary history of small HSP. Phylogenetic relationships of the small Hsp, estimated using parsimony and distance methods, reveal that doubling gene conversion and sequence divergence of genes have all played an important role in the evolution of small Hsp. This suggests that the small HSP may have diversified in function and in the sequence and cellular location.
- The small Hsp are more 30KDa small in size. Higher plants have at least 20 plant species and some may have up to 40 different small Hsp. In contrast, most other agencies have only one or several heat shock proteins small. Saccharomyces cerevisiae has 1 small HSP, and Drosophila has four.
Heat shock proteins of higher plants: --
The pattern of changes in protein synthesis rapidly and dramatically when the temperature is increased growth of soybean seedling tissues of 28 degrees Celsius (normal) to about 40 degrees Celsius (heat stroke). The synthesis of proteins normal is very small and a new set of proteins, "heat shock proteins is induced.The soybean Hsp consists of 10 new bands in other gels NaDodSo4 dimensions, a more complex pattern is observed in two-dimensional gels. When tissues are returned to 28 degrees Celsius after 4 hours at 40 degrees Celsius, there is progressive decrease of HSP synthesis and reappearence a normal pattern of synthesis of 3 or 4 hours. The heat shock response in soybean is similar to the well-studied heat shock phenomenon in Drosophila.
Expression of proteins of low molecular weight heat shock in field conditions: --
Hsp is known to be expressed in plants that suffer from high temperature stress. The study was done in the class I cytoplasmic low molecular weight (LMW) HSP and the HSP als found that often accumulate in seeds, seed pods and flowers during the normal growing season. The expression LMWHsp Class I cytoplasmic were examined by Western blot in a series of samples of seeds of both commercially growm and wild legumes. LMWHsp were present in all seed samples, indicating that the HSP is regularly expressed in tissues. Greenhouse studies indicate that parallel the expression of the AVE and the seeds is, in part, regulated development. Overall, the data suggest a more widespread occurrence of HSP in optimal growth environments and emphasize its potential role in reproduction.
Commonly used antibiotics induce expression of HSP 27 and HSP 60 and protect human rights lymphocyte apoptosis --
Abundant Hsp molecular chaperones involved in cytoprotection. The kinetics of HSP's synthesis is closely correlated with the kinetics of development of resistance to cell death. The probable involvement of HSP27 and Hsp60 in protecting cells undergoing apoptosis. Lymphocyte human cultured in the presence of ampicillin or ceftriaxone produced Hsp60 and HSP27, assessed by immunoblotting in a time-dependent manner and increased levels of Hsp60 and HSP27 correlated with increased resistance of lymphocytes to apoptosis, as determined by flow cytometry. Fewer crops treated with ampicillin or ceftriaxone also exhibited of apoptotic cells than untreated cultures when exposed to apoptosis inducing agent staurosporine (1 mm). In contrast, induced the production of chloramphenicol small amounts of Hsp60, and not the resistance to apoptosis.
References: --
- PNAS, vol.78 by Joe.L.Key, cylinders, and YMChen - June 1981.
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Small heat shock proteins and stress transduction Neininger.A.etal - August 1998.
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Patent Storm - August 2003.
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Science Direct, C. Carratelli Romano, N. Benedetto - August 2004.
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Science Daily by Elisabeth Elsl - June 2006.
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Plant Physiology and E. LDHernandez Vierling.
